Omega Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development
OMEGA Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal dedicated to promoting research that integrates knowledge across multiple disciplines. The journal provides a platform for scholars, researchers, and professionals to publish innovative and impactful research that contributes to academic advancement and societal development. Key Highlights: Peer-reviewed (Double-blind) Open Access Journal Monthly Publication Multidisciplinary Scope Frequency of Publication: Monthly Languages: English, Polish and Russian Publication Format: Electronic ISSN (E): 3072-4708
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DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE SPHERE OF EDUCATION
In this article, the author discusses the issues of introducing innovative teaching and upbringing methods into the modern education system.
Development, innovative activities, education, information resources, information and communication technologies, ICT.
Copyright (c) 2026 Omega Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Development https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
METHODOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES AND EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING MATHEMATICS
This article examines the methodological opportunities and effectiveness of using artificial intelligence technologies in teaching mathematics in higher education, with particular attention to the needs of students in economic universities. The study emphasizes that artificial intelligence is not only a technical innovation, but also a pedagogical tool that can support individualized learning, adaptive assessment, analytical thinking, and the development of mathematical competence. In the context of mathematics education, artificial intelligence systems make it possible to diagnose students’ learning difficulties, offer personalized tasks, provide instant feedback, and visualize abstract mathematical concepts through interactive digital environments. The article also analyzes the role of AI-based platforms in improving students’ motivation, independent learning skills, and ability to apply mathematical methods to economic, financial, and statistical problems. Special attention is given to the methodological balance between traditional mathematical instruction and intelligent digital tools, because effective learning requires not only technological support but also sound didactic design. The research highlights that the integration of artificial intelligence into mathematics teaching can increase the quality of learning outcomes when it is used purposefully, ethically, and in accordance with educational objectives.
Artificial intelligence, mathematics teaching, methodological opportunities, adaptive learning, digital education, mathematical competence, higher education, intelligent learning systems.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PROBLEM-BASED TEACHING OF THE ELECTRODYNAMICS SECTION OF PHYSICS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
This article examines the importance of problem-based teaching technologies in teaching the electrodynamics section of physics in higher educational institutions. Modern reforms in higher education require the organization of the educational process based on innovative pedagogical technologies. In technical and engineering education, the development of students’ independent thinking, creativity, and practical competencies is considered one of the main priorities. Since electrodynamics includes complex theoretical concepts, mathematical models, and practical processes, the use of problem-based teaching methods significantly improves the effectiveness of learning. The article analyzes the pedagogical significance of problem-based learning, its influence on students’ scientific thinking, and the role of digital technologies, virtual laboratories, and simulations in teaching electrodynamics.
Problem-based teaching, electrodynamics, physics education, higher education, digital technologies, virtual laboratories, scientific thinking, pedagogical technologies, simulations, engineering education.
А COMPАRАTIVE АNАLYSIS OF JАLАLUDDIN RUMI’S SUFI THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE АND CLАSSICАL RАTIONАLISTIC GNOSEOLOGY
The problem of knowledge hаs remаined one of the centrаl issues in the history of philosophy from аntiquity to the modern period. Clаssicаl rаtionаlistic gnoseology emphаsized the role of reаson, logicаl аnаlysis, аnd conceptuаl cognition аs the principаl meаns of аttаining truth, whereаs Sufi epistemology developed аn аlternаtive understаnding grounded in spirituаl experience, mysticаl intuition, аnd existentiаl trаnsformаtion. This аrticle presents а compаrаtive аnаlysis of Jаlаluddin Rumi’s Sufi theory of knowledge аnd clаssicаl rаtionаlistic gnoseology. The study exаmines the epistemologicаl pаrаdigms of Plаto, Аristotle, Descаrtes, Kаnt, аnd Hegel in relаtion to Rumi’s mysticаl conception of cognition.
Jаlаluddin Rumi, Sufism, epistemology, gnoseology, mysticаl cognition, rаtionаlism, mа’rifа, qаlb, ruh, kаshf, irfаn, hаqiqа, Islаmic philosophy, metаphysics, spirituаlity.
FEATURES OF RESTORING STUDENTS' HEALTH WITH THE HELP OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES
This article examines the pedagogical and health-improving features of restoring students’ physical and functional condition through systematically organized physical exercises. In higher education, especially in pedagogical universities with a sports orientation, the problem of preserving and restoring students’ health is closely connected with academic workload, reduced physical activity, psychological tension, irregular daily routines, and insufficient attention to preventive motor activity. Physical exercises are considered not only as a means of developing strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination, but also as an important mechanism for improving cardiovascular function, respiratory capacity, musculoskeletal stability, emotional balance, and general working capacity. The article emphasizes that health restoration through physical activity should be based on individualization, gradual load regulation, medical-pedagogical monitoring, and the integration of corrective, recreational, breathing, stretching, and general developmental exercises. Special attention is paid to the role of physical education teachers in forming students’ motivation for a healthy lifestyle, teaching self-control skills, and creating safe conditions for exercise performance. The study highlights that properly selected physical exercises can reduce fatigue, improve adaptation to educational stress, support posture correction, prevent hypodynamia, and increase students’ readiness for intellectual and professional activity. The article concludes that health-oriented physical education should be viewed as a continuous pedagogical process aimed at restoring, strengthening, and maintaining students’ health in the educational environment.
Physical exercises, health restoration, students, physical education, motor activity, rehabilitation, healthy lifestyle, pedagogical monitoring, sports education.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN CORN GROWING
This article provides information on the role of mineral fertilizers in corn cultivation, their impact on yield and grain quality. The importance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in corn growth is analyzed and the economic efficiency of their moderate application is highlighted.
Corn, mineral fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, yield, soil fertility.
PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING PHYSICAL CULTURE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
This article examines the pedagogical foundations for developing physical culture in primary school students as an essential component of holistic education. Physical culture at the primary level is not limited to physical exercises or the formation of motor skills; it also includes health awareness, discipline, hygienic habits, emotional stability, social interaction, and a positive attitude toward an active lifestyle. In the conditions of modern primary education, the development of physical culture requires a systematic pedagogical approach based on age characteristics, individual abilities, motivational factors, and the integration of physical activity with moral, intellectual, and social development. The article emphasizes that primary school age is a sensitive period for shaping basic movement skills, correct posture, coordination, endurance, self-control, and the need for regular physical activity. Special attention is given to the role of the teacher in organizing health-oriented lessons, active games, morning exercises, dynamic pauses, extracurricular sports activities, and educational conversations about healthy living. The study also highlights the importance of cooperation between school, family, and community in strengthening children’s interest in physical activity. The pedagogical foundations discussed in the article show that the formation of physical culture in primary school students contributes to their physical development, learning efficiency, emotional well-being, and social adaptation.
Primary education, physical culture, physical education, healthy lifestyle, motor skills, pedagogical foundations, active learning, schoolchildren, health education, physical development.
THE IMPACT OF GAME TECHNOLOGIES IN MATHEMATICS EDUCATION ON LEARNING MOTIVATION
This article analyzes the impact of game technologies on educational motivation in mathematics education. Increasing students' interest in mathematics is one of the pressing issues in modern education. The article examines gamification and game-based learning approaches, their influence on internal and external factors of student motivation. It also presents research results from leading countries worldwide, real experiments, and surprising statistical data. According to the research results, in classes where game technologies were used, students' interest in mathematics increased by an average of 47 percent, and academic performance increased by 54 percent. The conclusion provides practical recommendations for implementing game technologies in mathematics lessons.
Game technologies, mathematics education, educational motivation, gamification, game-based learning, interactive methods, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation.
DEVELOPMENT OF MUSIC RHYTHM AND MOVEMENT HARMONY IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS
This article examines the development of music rhythm and movement harmony in rhythmic gymnastics as an important pedagogical and methodological condition for improving the quality of sports training. Rhythmic gymnastics is a complex sport in which physical preparation, technical accuracy, musical perception, expressive movement, coordination, flexibility, and aesthetic performance are closely interconnected. The ability of a gymnast to feel musical rhythm and transform it into coordinated motor actions determines not only the technical correctness of performance, but also its artistic expressiveness and emotional impact. The article analyzes the pedagogical importance of developing rhythm perception, tempo control, movement fluency, body coordination, and harmony between music and exercise composition. Special attention is paid to the role of music selection, repeated rhythmic exercises, motor memory, choreographic preparation, and reflective analysis in the formation of harmonious performance skills. The study emphasizes that systematic work on rhythm and movement harmony helps students and young athletes improve spatial orientation, emotional stability, artistic interpretation, and competitive readiness. The article is intended for students, teachers, and coaches in the field of sports pedagogy and physical education.
Rhythmic gymnastics, music rhythm, movement harmony, coordination, sports pedagogy, artistic performance, motor skills, choreographic preparation.
METHODOLOGY OF FORMING COORDINATION SKILLS IN GYMNASTICS
This article examines the methodology of forming coordination skills in gymnastics within the context of pedagogical sports education. Coordination is one of the fundamental motor abilities that determines the quality, accuracy, rhythm, stability, and expressiveness of gymnastic movements. In gymnastics, coordination is not limited to the ability to perform separate exercises correctly; it also includes spatial orientation, balance control, rhythm regulation, muscular differentiation, reaction speed, movement combination, and the ability to maintain body control in changing motor situations. The article analyzes methodological approaches to developing coordination skills through preparatory exercises, balance tasks, acrobatic elements, apparatus-based movements, rhythmic exercises, and gradually complicated motor combinations. Special attention is paid to the importance of age, physical readiness, individual motor experience, and psychological confidence in the formation of coordination abilities. The study emphasizes that systematic, progressive, and pedagogically grounded training methods help students master complex gymnastic movements more effectively, reduce technical errors, prevent injuries, and develop stable motor habits. The article also highlights the role of the teacher or coach in organizing exercises according to the principles of consistency, accessibility, variability, individualization, and continuous feedback.
Gymnastics, coordination skills, motor abilities, physical education, sports pedagogy, movement control, balance, motor learning.
APPLICATION OF THE FRACTIONAL ORDER CAUCHY PROBLEM IN POPULATION DYNAMICS AND ITS EVALUATION BASED ON REAL DATA
This article studies the application of the Cauchy problem in population dynamics. The classical population model is usually represented by a first-order ordinary differential equation. However, in real biological processes, population growth may depend not only on the current state but also on conditions in previous periods. Therefore, in this article the classical Cauchy problem is generalized by means of a fractional-order derivative in the Caputo sense. In particular, models of orders and are considered and compared with the classical model. Experimental data on the population of Paramecium caudatum are used to evaluate how close the models are to the real process. The results of the analysis show that fractional-order models provide results closer to real data than the classical model.
Cauchy problem, population dynamics, fractional-order derivative, Caputo derivative, Mittag-Leffler function, memory effect, Paramecium caudatum, model error.
MECHANISMS FOR PREPARING HEARING-IMPAIRED CHILDREN FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE EDUCATION CLUSTER SETTING
This article examines the methodological foundations for adapting hard-of-hearing children to an inclusive educational environment in the context of an educational cluster. The study is based on the idea that inclusive education cannot be organized effectively through the efforts of a single institution alone; it requires coordinated cooperation among preschool and school organizations, higher education institutions, psychological and medical services, families, community structures, and specialized correctional-pedagogical centers. The article analyzes the pedagogical, psychological, communicative, organizational, and methodological conditions necessary for preparing hard-of-hearing children for active participation in inclusive learning. Special attention is paid to the development of speech communication, auditory perception, social adaptation, emotional stability, and learning motivation. The educational cluster approach is interpreted as a mechanism that integrates resources, specialists, diagnostic tools, methodological support, and individual educational routes. The article emphasizes that successful adaptation depends on early identification of educational needs, differentiated teaching methods, cooperation between teachers and defectologists, family involvement, and the creation of a barrier-free learning environment. The findings highlight the importance of systematic methodological support in ensuring equal educational opportunities for hard-of-hearing children.
Inclusive education, hard-of-hearing children, educational cluster, adaptation, methodological foundations, special pedagogy, individual approach, pedagogical support.
PRIORITY AREAS FOR TRAINING PERSONNEL FOR ANTI-AIRCRAFT UNITS
This article examines the priority areas for training personnel for anti-aircraft units in the context of modern military education, professional competence, technological change, and national defense readiness. The study emphasizes that the preparation of specialists for air defense structures requires not only technical knowledge of weapons systems and detection technologies, but also systematic development of analytical thinking, discipline, operational responsibility, teamwork, digital literacy, command interaction, and decision-making under complex conditions. Particular attention is paid to the importance of simulator-based training, integrated theoretical and practical instruction, psychological resilience, cyber awareness, communication culture, and legal-ethical responsibility in the professional formation of future anti-aircraft personnel. The article argues that effective training should be based on a competency-oriented model that combines engineering knowledge, tactical awareness at a general educational level, safety standards, and the ability to operate within coordinated defense structures. In the context of Uzbekistan, the modernization of military education increases the need for highly qualified personnel capable of adapting to rapidly changing security environments while maintaining professional discipline, responsibility, and loyalty to service duties. The article concludes that the development of anti-aircraft personnel training should prioritize technological modernization, methodological renewal, practical readiness, and continuous professional improvement.
Anti-aircraft units, military education, personnel training, air defense, professional competence, simulation training, operational responsibility, defense readiness.
PEDAGOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ AESTHETIC TASTE AND ARTISTIC THINKING THROUGH CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
This article examines the pedagogical opportunities for developing students’ aesthetic taste and artistic thinking through the purposeful application of creative technologies in the educational process. Aesthetic taste is interpreted not only as the ability to perceive beauty, harmony, proportion, expressiveness, and artistic value, but also as an important component of personal culture, emotional intelligence, creative self-expression, and spiritual development. Artistic thinking is considered as a complex cognitive and imaginative process that enables students to interpret artistic images, understand symbolic meanings, create original ideas, and evaluate cultural phenomena from an aesthetic point of view. The article emphasizes that creative technologies, including project-based learning, visual modeling, digital art tools, interactive tasks, performance activities, design thinking, and problem-based creative assignments, provide favorable conditions for activating students’ imagination, observation, emotional responsiveness, and independent artistic judgment. In the context of pedagogical education, the development of aesthetic taste and artistic thinking requires an integrated approach that combines theoretical knowledge, practical creativity, cultural analysis, reflection, and collaborative activity. The study highlights that creative technologies increase students’ motivation, expand their artistic worldview, strengthen their ability to perceive national and universal cultural values, and form a conscious attitude toward beauty in art, nature, human relations, and social life.
Aesthetic taste, artistic thinking, creative technologies, pedagogical education, creativity, artistic perception, cultural values, aesthetic education, imagination, student development.
INDIVIDUAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY
This article examines the individual-psychological characteristics of students and their influence on independent activity in the context of pedagogical education. Independent activity is considered not only as a form of learning outside direct teacher supervision, but also as a complex psychological and pedagogical process connected with motivation, self-regulation, cognitive style, emotional stability, responsibility, volitional qualities, and personal educational needs. The article emphasizes that students differ in their level of initiative, learning motivation, attention stability, memory capacity, creative thinking, anxiety, self-confidence, and readiness to make decisions independently. These differences directly affect how they plan tasks, search for information, analyze educational material, overcome difficulties, and evaluate their own academic results. Special attention is given to the role of pedagogical support, differentiated instruction, reflective tasks, and motivational strategies in developing students’ independent learning skills. The study argues that effective organization of independent activity requires consideration of students’ psychological individuality, because a uniform approach cannot fully reveal their intellectual and personal potential.
Individual-psychological characteristics, students, independent activity, motivation, self-regulation, cognitive style, pedagogical support, reflective learning, personal development.
AI-SUPPORTED DIGITAL-DIDACTIC TECHNOLOGY FOR MONITORING AND DEVELOPING METHODOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY TEACHERS
This article describes an AI-supported digital-didactic technology for developing and monitoring the methodological competence of future physics and astronomy teachers. The technology is based on the MethodEdu.uz adaptive digital learning platform described in the dissertation plan. The aim of the article is to define the functional roles, learning algorithm, AI support mechanisms, competence map, portfolio evidence, and assessment logic of the platform. The study uses a design-based methodological approach and treats the platform as a digital-didactic environment that connects electronic modules, interactive assignments, virtual laboratories, diagnostic testing, adaptive recommendations, teacher feedback, and responsible AI assistance. The results present a staged technology: initial diagnostics, competence profiling, integrated module completion, methodological task performance, AI and teacher feedback, competence map updating, portfolio accumulation, adaptive recommendation, and final diagnostics. The article also proposes a monitoring matrix based on tests, task completion, portfolio quality, AI-use history, teacher confirmation, and competence levels. The discussion emphasizes that AI should support methodological thinking but should not replace pedagogical judgment; final assessment must be confirmed by the teacher or expert. The article concludes that MethodEdu.uz can become a reliable digital-didactic mechanism for individualized, evidence-based, and reflective development of future physics and astronomy teachers' methodological competence.
MethodEdu.uz; AI assistant; digital-didactic technology; methodological competence; competence map; portfolio; adaptive assessment; physics teacher education.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE MINING INDUSTRY
This article examines the role of mathematical modeling and optimization in improving technological processes in the gold-mining industry. The study focuses on the application of analytical, computational, and algorithmic methods for increasing the efficiency, stability, and economic feasibility of mining operations. In modern mining practice, production quality depends not only on the technical capacity of equipment, but also on the accuracy of decision-making at each stage of extraction, transportation, crushing, grinding, flotation, leaching, and resource distribution. Mathematical models make it possible to describe these processes through quantitative relationships, identify limiting factors, forecast technological outcomes, and determine optimal parameters under changing geological and production conditions. Special attention is paid to optimization methods that help reduce energy consumption, minimize operational losses, improve ore recovery, and ensure rational use of mineral resources. The article also highlights the importance of digital technologies, simulation tools, and data-based decision systems in the modernization of gold-mining enterprises. It is argued that the integration of mathematical modeling into technological management creates a scientific basis for sustainable production, increases the reliability of planning, and strengthens the competitiveness of mining enterprises.
Mathematical modeling, optimization, mining technology, gold extraction, technological process, production efficiency, ore processing, resource management.
ALGORITHM FOR ANALYZING THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF MAGNETORESISTANCE OSCILLATIONS IN QUANTUM-STRUCTURED MATERIALS AND DEVELOPMENT OF ITS SOFTWARE
This article analyzes the temperature dependence of magnetoresistance oscillations in quantum-structured materials. Methods for processing experimental data based on the Shubnikov–de Haas effect in low-dimensional systems and comparing them with theoretical models are considered. The study proposes an algorithm for filtering magnetoresistance signals, extracting the background component, identifying the oscillatory part, and analyzing the frequency spectrum using Fourier transform. The development of software based on the proposed algorithm is discussed, which allows for automated processing and visualization of experimental data. The proposed approach serves as an effective tool for a deeper understanding of the electronic structure of quantum materials and for investigating novel functional materials.
Quantum-structured materials, magnetoresistance oscillations, Shubnikov–de Haas effect, Lifshitz–Kosevich formula, effective mass, Fourier transform (FFT), software, automated data analysis.
OVERCOMING CHALLENGES IN TEACHING SPEAKING TO YOUNG LEARNERS THROUGH ROLE-PLAY ACTIVITIES: AN ACTION RESEARCH STUDY
Developing speaking skills among young learners remains a major challenge in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms due to linguistic limitations, anxiety, lack of confidence, and insufficient opportunities for meaningful interaction. This action research study investigated the effectiveness of role-play activities in improving speaking performance among intermediate-level young learners. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving classroom observations, student questionnaires, teacher interviews, and pre-test/post-test speaking assessments. Fifteen students and two English teachers participated in the research. Two communicative lesson interventions based on role-play activities were implemented over a short instructional period. The findings demonstrated noticeable improvement in students’ fluency, confidence, participation, and willingness to communicate in English. Students also reported reduced anxiety and increased motivation during speaking tasks. Furthermore, teachers emphasized that role-play created a more interactive and student-centered classroom environment. Despite these positive outcomes, several challenges remained, including vocabulary limitations, classroom management issues, and varying levels of learner confidence. The study concludes that role-play is an effective pedagogical strategy for overcoming speaking difficulties among young learners and recommends its integration into communicative language teaching practices.
Role-play, speaking skills, young learners, communicative language teaching, action research, EFL.
TECHNOLOGIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH AND THINKING IN THE PROCESS OF PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
This article examines the technologies of developing speech and thinking in the process of pedagogical education, with special attention to the preparation of future primary education teachers. The development of speech is considered not only as the formation of correct pronunciation, vocabulary, grammatical accuracy and communicative fluency, but also as a key mechanism for shaping pedagogical thinking, reflective judgment and professional interaction. In pedagogical education, speech and thinking are closely connected because a future teacher must be able to explain, question, compare, generalize, interpret and guide learners through meaningful communication. The article emphasizes the importance of interactive methods, problem-based learning, dialogic teaching, reflective tasks, digital educational tools and text-based analytical activities in strengthening students’ linguistic, cognitive and methodological competencies. These technologies help future teachers organize learning situations in which speech becomes a means of reasoning, creativity, cooperation and professional self-expression. The study also highlights that the integration of speech-development technologies into teacher training supports the formation of pedagogical culture, independent thinking and communicative responsibility.
Speech development, pedagogical thinking, primary education, communicative competence, dialogic teaching, reflective learning, cognitive activity, teacher training.
THE PEDAGOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ INFORMATION MOBILITY
This article examines the pedagogical significance of the competency-based approach in developing students’ information mobility in higher education. In the context of rapid digital transformation, students are expected not only to receive information but also to search, analyze, select, interpret, transform, and apply it effectively in academic and professional situations. Information mobility is considered as an integrative quality that combines digital literacy, cognitive flexibility, communicative readiness, independent learning skills, and the ability to adapt to changing information environments. The article emphasizes that the competency-based approach creates favorable pedagogical conditions for forming these qualities because it shifts the focus of education from passive knowledge acquisition to practical, problem-oriented, and self-directed learning. Special attention is paid to the role of interactive methods, project-based tasks, digital resources, critical thinking activities, and reflective assessment in strengthening students’ information mobility. The study argues that the development of information mobility contributes to students’ professional adaptability, academic independence, and readiness for lifelong learning. It is concluded that the competency-based approach is an effective methodological basis for preparing future specialists who can act flexibly, responsibly, and productively in a modern information society.
Information mobility, competency-based approach, digital literacy, higher education, pedagogical conditions, independent learning, professional competence, information culture.
THE PEDAGOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF COGNITIVE MECHANISMS IN SHAPING INFORMATION LITERACY AND READING CULTURE
This article examines the pedagogical significance of cognitive mechanisms in shaping students’ information literacy and reading culture in contemporary education. The study emphasizes that information literacy and reading culture should not be understood only as separate practical skills, but as interrelated intellectual processes based on attention, perception, memory, thinking, interpretation, metacognitive control and critical evaluation. In the modern learning environment, students interact with printed, digital and multimodal texts, which requires the ability to search for information, select reliable sources, understand textual meanings, distinguish facts from opinions and develop an independent position. The article highlights that cognitive mechanisms play a central role in organizing these processes effectively, because they determine how learners receive, process, store, analyze and apply information. Special attention is paid to the role of metacognitive strategies, reflective reading, source evaluation and conscious comprehension in strengthening learners’ academic independence. The article argues that the integration of information literacy and reading culture through cognitive mechanisms contributes to the development of critical thinking, responsible information behavior and meaningful learning activity among students.
Information literacy, reading culture, cognitive mechanisms, metacognition, critical thinking, source evaluation, reflective reading, learning activity.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MODERNIZATION OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
This article examines the role of information and communication technologies in the modernization of economic processes in the context of the digital economy. The study focuses on how ICT tools transform production, management, financial operations, service delivery, data exchange, and decision-making mechanisms in modern economic systems. In the digital economy, information becomes a strategic resource, while communication technologies create new conditions for increasing transparency, efficiency, competitiveness, and innovation activity. The article emphasizes that the modernization of economic processes is not limited to the technical renewal of infrastructure, but also includes the restructuring of business models, the development of digital competencies, the automation of analytical operations, and the integration of electronic platforms into institutional and entrepreneurial activity. Special attention is paid to the importance of ICT in improving the effectiveness of enterprises, public administration, financial services, electronic commerce, and digital market relations. The research also considers the relevance of ICT development for economic growth, sustainable competitiveness, and the formation of an innovation-oriented economic environment. It is concluded that the effective use of information and communication technologies serves as a key factor in accelerating digital transformation and ensuring the qualitative modernization of economic processes.
Digital economy, information and communication technologies, economic modernization, digital transformation, innovation, electronic commerce, automation, digital infrastructure.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION OF FUTURE TECHNOLOGY TEACHERS
The article comprehensively examines the competencies of future technology teachers in the context of the digitalization of the education system. Particular attention is paid to the essence of professional, general cultural, and digital competencies required for effective pedagogical activity. The role of modern electronic, digital, and information and communication technologies in improving the quality of technological education is revealed, as well as their impact on the development of students’ practical skills, creative thinking, and professional orientation. The possibilities of applying digital educational resources, interactive teaching methods, and web technologies in the process of training future teachers are analyzed. The necessity of integrating innovative approaches into the content of technological education and developing sustainable skills for working in a digital educational environment among future teachers is substantiated.
Technology teacher, professional competence, digital technologies, information and communication technologies, digital educational environment, innovative teaching methods.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS BASED ON PROJECT BASED ACTIVITY
The article examines the formation of professional competencies in future primary school teachers based on project-based activity as an effective pedagogical condition for connecting theoretical knowledge with practical teaching experience. In modern teacher education, professional competence is understood not only as mastery of subject content, but also as the ability to design learning situations, organize pupils’ cognitive activity, apply interactive methods, solve pedagogical problems, cooperate with learners and colleagues, and reflect on one’s own professional growth. Project-based activity creates a productive educational environment in which future teachers learn to plan, implement, evaluate, and present pedagogically meaningful tasks. This approach strengthens methodological thinking, creativity, communication culture, digital literacy, responsibility, and readiness for independent professional decision-making. The article emphasizes that project work is especially important in preparing primary school teachers because the primary education stage requires integrated knowledge, child-centered methods, emotional sensitivity, and the ability to develop pupils’ curiosity, collaboration, and practical skills. Through educational projects, students acquire experience in designing lesson fragments, developing didactic materials, solving classroom situations, conducting small-scale pedagogical research, and assessing learning outcomes. The study highlights the need to organize project-based activity systematically, taking into account the content of pedagogical disciplines, the requirements of school practice, and the professional profile of future primary school teachers. The article concludes that project-based activity can serve as an important mechanism for improving the quality of teacher training and forming professional competencies that correspond to the needs of contemporary primary education.
Professional competencies, future primary school teachers, project-based activity, teacher education, pedagogical skills, methodological training, primary education, professional development.
IMPROVING THE PRIMARY EDUCATION SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF THE “DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF NEW UZBEKISTAN” IS A REQUIREMENT OF THE TIME
The article reflects the measures for training highly qualified specialists, i.e. highly capable pedagogical personnel, in primary educational institutions based on the requirements of the present era and improving their knowledge, skills and qualifications. In particular, great attention is paid to the issue of achieving high-quality education on the basis of the “Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan”.
Young Uzbekistan, development, strategy, improvement, initial, system, mechanism, quality, main directions, social policy, spiritual development, universal, goals, development, private sector, results, democratic reforms, tasks.
THE PHENOMENON OF THE TEACHER IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the role and significance of the teacher’s personality in society within the context of educational reforms in New Uzbekistan. The socio-philosophical essence of the teacher phenomenon, professional competencies, moral and ethical responsibility, and innovative activities of teachers are examined. Furthermore, the article scientifically and theoretically substantiates the increasing attention paid to the teacher’s personality within the framework of state educational policy.
New Uzbekistan, teacher phenomenon, educational reforms, pedagogical personality, human capital, spiritual education.
DEVELOPING BALANCE AND AGILITY FOR FEMALE STUDENTS USING A GYMNASTIC BALL
Female students were given a brief introduction to teaching and improving exercises performed with a gymnastic ball with the help of music.
Gymnastics, special, youth, hall, girls, artistic, movement, sport, music.
CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR THE PROTECTION AND DEFENSE OF THE RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OF CITIZENS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the constitutional and legal mechanisms ensuring the protection and defense of the rights and interests of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study examines the main provisions of the Constitution of Uzbekistan, which enshrine fundamental rights and freedoms, and considers the legislative and institutional instruments for their implementation. Special attention is paid to the role of the judicial system, prosecutor's office, ombudsman, and other state bodies in providing effective protection for citizens. The author emphasizes the importance of improving the legal framework and law enforcement practices. This will strengthen guarantees of rights and freedoms in the context of building a rule-of-law state.
Constitution of Uzbekistan, Citizen Rights, Protection of Interests, Legal Mechanisms, Safeguarding Rights, Rule of Law State, Ombudsman, Judicial Protection.
BUXORO XONLIGI VA HINDISTON DAVLATI OʻRTASIDAGI DIPLOMATIK MUNOSABATLAR
Mazkur maqolada Buxoro xonligi va Hindiston o‘rtasidagi diplomatik munosabatlarning tarixiy rivoji yoritilgan. Unda savdo yo‘llari orqali boshlangan dastlabki aloqalar, Boburiylar davrida siyosiy, savdo va madaniy muloqotning kuchayishi, shuningdek, Abdullaxon II davridagi elchilik an’analari tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada ikki davlat o‘rtasidagi diplomatik aloqalarning shakllanishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari va ularning Markaziy Osiyo tarixidagi o‘rni ilmiy asosda yoritib beriladi.
Buxoro xonligi, Hindiston, diplomatik munosabatlar, Boburiylar sulolasi, savdo yo‘llari, Ipak yo‘li, siyosiy aloqalar, madaniy hamkorlik, savdo almashinuvi, Abdullaxon II, elchilik an’analari, Markaziy Osiyo tarixi, Buxoro–Hindiston aloqalari, tarixiy diplomatiya